The secular state in the new Brazilian political conjuncture

the interference of politicians linked to religious groups, in front of the secular state and public policies

Abstract

The debate on the secularity of the state has always been present in several discussions, whether academic, political, social and religious. It is known that religiosity, or even the lack of it, is one of the essential elements for achieving a happy life. Therefore, in a democratic and secular context, in which cultural diversity and the plurality of the Brazilian nation must be taken into account, this work will discuss how the new national political situation can interfere with these freedoms and public policies. For this, a differentiation of secularism and secularity of the State is carried out in the first instance, so that, from this, it is possible to understand the importance of separating the State and religion, and, in this perspective, the present work proposes an analysis of the constitutional protection of the principle of secularism and its consequences. The research follows a brief survey of the historical construction of secularism in the country until the consecration of the Federal Constitution of 1988. The present research is justified, therefore, in the evidence of religious behavior, or, in addition, in the interference of politicians linked to the great religious denominations to the detriment of the principle of secularism and its affect on public policies. As a main focus, the work will demonstrate how politicians organized themselves in the so-called evangelical bench, and how they act trying to impose their religious dogmas in the polls of controversial themes, which tend to suppress rights before minorities, and whether this position can interfere in the governance of a Democratic Rule of Law. For this, the basic research method will be used, where through it, one can obtain a particular opinion, through bibliographic studies, such as books and doctoral theses of jurists who are references in constitutional law, as well as scholars in related subjects to religions. Finally, the research will address how the State could protect the religious freedoms of minority groups, within the limits of a Democratic State, since it has an obligation to provide its citizens with a healthy environment, declining from religious intolerance and fanaticism. however, without failing to provide protection and guarantee to the free exercise of all religions.