Hypohidrotic and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Clinical manifestations, etiology, and multidisciplinary therapies

Abstract

Hidrotic and hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a complex genetic disorder affecting the development of ectoderm-derived structures such as skin, hair, nails, and teeth. The condition presents with variable clinical manifestations and severity. Beyond physical alterations, affected individuals often face emotional and social challenges due to changes in their appearance, impacting overall well-being. This article aims to provide an overview of hidrotic and hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, focusing on clinical signs and therapeutic approaches to equip dental surgeons with essential information for accurate diagnosis and effective management. A literature review was conducted using academic databases including Google Scholar, SciELO, and PubMed, covering publications from 2000 onwards in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Relevant peer-reviewed articles and books were selected through specific keywords. Ectodermal dysplasias significantly affect patients’ health and quality of life, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach. Nevertheless, further research is needed to deepen understanding of genetic causes, enhance treatment options, and promote more individualized and effective patient care.