Impact of diabetes on the osseointegration process

Abstract

Oral rehabilitation through dental implants was a major breakthrough for dentistry. Until then, rehabilitation treatments to compensate for the loss of one or more missing elements were through the use of total/partial dentures or the solution was to resort to the use of fixed bridges. Branemark, through his research and tests carried out in laboratories, brought a legacy to dentistry. Implantology is a surgical rehabilitation procedure in which a titanium pin is inserted into the bone, which undergoes an osseointegration process to receive a single prosthesis or protocol. There are some systemic conditions that the patient may present that may be a hindrance to performing the procedure. The objective of this study is to identify whether there is a loss in the osseointegration of dental implants in diabetic patients. The methodology used was a literature review. Finally, through the research carried out, it was concluded that diabetes may be a contraindication, taking into account that diabetes alters the osseointegration process, compromising the anchoring of the titanium pin in the bone, in addition to compromising the immune system, which may leave the patient more susceptible to infections. Therefore, a detailed anamnesis is essential.